Ngaphandle kweengcamango zefilosofi zezikolo ezahlukeneyo, ukusuka kuPlato, izikolo zeneoplatonic, UbuGnostiki, „demiurg” vine de la un cuvânt grecesc care înseamnă „meșteșugar”, „artizan” și are legătură „a produce”, eventual „a crea”. Owokuqala ukubona, i demiurge wayeza kuba uhlobo iwotshi kumbono William Paley kaThixo, citat de Richard Dawkins în „Ceasornicarul orb”, Incwadi ethe yaba luhlobo lwebhayibhile yabantu abangakholelwayo kubukho bukaThixo. Ayinamsebenzi into yokuba umbono womfundisi wenkulungwane ye-19 wawuphelelwe lixesha, nakwinkulungwane yama-20, xa kwakubhalwa incwadi kaDawkins, bambalwa ababesazi ngaye. Ihlabathi lenzululwazi, kodwa hayi kuphela, wayesandula ukungena kwirelativity kunye ne-quantum mechanics, kuquka nokuphikisana kwazo okucacileyo, de kufike ithiyori entsha ukubaxolelanisa. Into esisayilindileyo...
Idinomineyitha eqhelekileyo yento eya kuba yi-demiurge kwizikolo zefilosofi ezikhankanyiweyo ngokwenene iya kuba luhlobo oluthile lukathixo. (nkqu uthixo, enxulunyaniswa noZeyus wamaGrike ngokutsho kwabanye, ngokutsho kwezinye uYehova weTestamente Endala) eyayiza kubumba ihlabathi ngokwemigaqo yehlabathi (izimvo ezivela kwithiyori kaPlato). Demiurgul e un fel de verigă lipsă dintre „unul” la Platon (imvelaphi, nto leyo eyayinokunxulunyaniswa noThixo wamaKristu) kunye nehlabathi esilibonayo. I-demiurge iguqula ezinye zezinto ezinokubakho, inclus în „unul” în lumea existentă. Inika umdla ukuba ingakanani intuition ababenayo abantu bakudala, că multe idei ale lor se verifică în știința modernă. Kodwa eyona nto ibangela umdla kukuba ingakanani na inzululwazi ephuma kwiingcamango zamandulo. Injani inzululwazi yanamhlanje enokuvela kwinkcubeko eyahluke kakhulu kweyaseNtshona?
Kodwa kuya kuba njani ukuwohloka kwemimoya ngokwenzululwazi yangoku? Păi dacă „unul” ar reprezenta mulțimea infinită a tuturor formelor potențiale de existență a naturii fizice, i-demiurge iya kuthetha ithamsanqa (okanye amashwa) zembali apho imithetho yendalo, loo nto ikwenza ucinge ngehlabathi leembono zikaPlato, zibonakalise zikhokelela ekuveleni kweendlela ezithile zobukho esizaziyo. Umbuzo usamile; kukuwohloka komda kwihlabathi lethu, indalo eyaziwayo okanye ikwabhekisela kwinto eyayisenzeka kwindalo engaziwayo? I-demiurge inesigunyaziso malunga nemiba emnyama nayo? Asinandlela yokwazi. Mhlawumbi ewe, okanye kukho ezinye iidemiurges...
Ukuba ngokwesayensi yangoku, i-demiurge yinto ephikisanayo, uthini malunga neefomula, yamaphepha efomula ngokuchanekileyo ngakumbi, abanye, mhlawumbi uninzi, încă nescrise… Yekhemisti, i-demiurge iya kuba kwindawo ethile phakathi kotshintsho ukusuka kwiifomyula ze-quantum mechanics ukuya kwi-chemistry kaLavoisier.. Kwaye, ubukho bezinto ezikwitheyibhile kaMendeleev zinokufunyanwa kwi-quantum mechanics, kodwa yintoni ikhompyutha efunekayo ukwenza zonke izibalo eziyimfuneko! Apha i-demiurge ngokwenene ifanelwe igama layo, oko kukuthi igcisa, umntu owenza umsebenzi wezandla, kodwa kuguqulelo lwangoku. Kufuneka asebenze ukuba iisekethe zakhe ziyatsiba. Ngubani ongabeka indoda kulo msebenzi?
Kwaye u, Umbono we-demiurge ungene kuncwadi nakwifilosofi, Umntu ngumntu wenkcubeko. Umntu wenza inkcubeko, kuxhomekeke kwinkcubeko ukuze uphile. Umntu udala eyakhe into ebonakalayo kunye nehlabathi lomoya. Uluhlobo lwengcibi yelizwe lakhe, ngelishwa yande kakhulu (tshabalalisa) nakwihlabathi lezinye izidalwa. Ngokuchaseneyo noko kwakukholelwa ngaphambili, izilwanyana nazo, kwiimeko ezininzi, uhlobo lweprotoculture. Izilwanyana ezanyisayo neentaka zixhomekeke ekufundeni ukuze ziphile. Bafumanisa izinto ezithile baze bazidlulisele koontanga babo. Abanye bade bayitshintshe imeko-bume yabo, ngokwejografi, njengeebhiva. Kodwa ubomi buyindalo yabo ... demiurgic. Ukusuka kwiibhaktheriya, zonke izinto eziphilayo ziyitshintsha ngokwendalo esingqongileyo, ukuyenza ilungele ezinye izinto eziphilayo, hayi abo basondeleyo kubo kuphela. Ukuqala ngomoya, emva koko ngomhlaba, i-biotope yindalo yezinye izinto eziphilayo ukuze kuxhamle ezo ziphezulu kwikhonkco lokutya. Iintlobo eziphezulu kwikhonkco lokutya, lunjani uhlobo lomntu, au rolul cel mai redus de „terraformare” în sens de transformare a planetei pentru a fi propice vieții, ngokuhambelana ngokuthe ngqo netalente yabo ye-biochemical. Asikwazi ukudibanisa, thina, oamenii și verii noștri, iimfene, hayi nevitamin C. Sifuna iivithamini, kodwa hayi kuphela (ii-amino acids ezibalulekileyo njl) ngenxa yokuba asinako ukuzidibanisa ngemizila yethu yemfuza. Iintsholongwane ziyasinceda. Basinika zona, njengezityalo. Izityalo ziingcali zokwenyani ze-biochemical synthesis. Ukwenza iipolysaccharides ezivela kwirhasi ene-concentration ephantsi kwi-atmosfera yinto enokuthi akukho mmangaliso ungabanga ...
Emva koko, nguye umntu osweleyo, xa konke anokukwenza ngobomi kukubutshabalalisa ngokuzama ukuguqula imeko-bume yakhe ukuze ithande yena? Adică omul face „terradeformare”… Sigur că în economia vieții pe această planetă, iibhaktheriya kunye nezinambuzane zibaluleke ngaphezu kwabantu. Akukho bhaktheriya okanye izityalo, nangaphandle kwezinambuzane, abantu babeya kunyamalala ngokukhawuleza, kodwa ezi ntlobo zenza kakuhle ngaphandle kwethu. Phofu, indima yezilwanyana ezanyisayo ifana nabathwali beebhaktheriya kunye nembewu yezityalo...
Yintoni enokuthiwa malunga nomgangatho we-demiurge kwinkcubeko, ngokuchasene ne-mediocrity ehlala kwimeko efanayo? Kwaye ngokwalo mbono, ukuba sicinga ngo-Eminescu kuphela, amadoda afuna ulonwabo kwizinto ezingabonakaliyo, kwindalo, ngelixa abafazi benxibelelene ngakumbi nendalo, okwehlabathi. Lo mbono uvela kwa-Antiquity (Ubudala obushiyekileyo kuthi, hayi lowo utshatyalalisiweyo), kwaye yahlala kude kube ngoku, ukuya kuthi ga kuMarx. Umsebenzi wabasetyhini wawuyinto yendalo, amadoda ayengamaxhoba.
Kuphela, echaza uFreud, „natura nu ține cont de exigențele (iingcinga) ubudoda”.
Kwinyani, isekwiimpuku, amabhinqa asebenza ngakumbi, kubaluleke ngakumbi, krelekrele ngakumbi, funda ngokukhawuleza. Yintoni eyaziwa kancinci, kananjalo bandlongondlongo. Nokuba zisebushushwini, banomda kakhulu kwaye banobundlobongela kunye neenkunzi ezivalelweyo. Iimpuku ezingamabhinqa zifunda imaze okanye zikhwele intambo ngokukhawuleza.
Emva koko ukuya kwiiprimates, amabhinqa ngawona anobuchule, abo bafumanisayo, ingakumbi amabhinqa aselula. Yayingabafazi abancinci baseJapan abaqala ukuhlamba iibhatata emva koko bazihlamba elwandle (enetyuwa). Inkcubeko yeeyam ezicocekileyo kunye nezinongo zenziwe ngabasetyhini. Kwitshimpanzi, iimazi eziselula zibhaqa iimbovane ziloba, ayinikezela ngeentloni, ngokuba bona, ngokuqhelekileyo abantu abangabaziyo kwiqela, banesikhundla esisezantsi soluhlu. Iimfene eziziimazi zide zizingele.
Khona amadoda enza ntoni? Ihlazo, cum spune Ioana Petra în „7000 years of patriarchy”. Ngokubanzi into eyenziwa ngamadoda? Ubundlobongela obujoliswe kwamanye amalungu eqela okanye amanye amaqela, kodwa nokuzingela, zizenzo abathi ngazo bomeleze okanye batshintshe isikhundla sabo solawulo lweqela. Ngoko ke ndiyenzela indawo yam, mhlawumbi ukuqinisa ubudlelwane phakathi kwabo, hayi ngokulunga kweqela. Kubonakala kuqhelekile?
Kuphela kukuguqulwa kweengcinga zikasolusapho kunokunika indima yomdali endodeni. Umfundisi wamaOthodoki wathi ubuOthodoki bunobubele kubafazi, ukuba uYesu wazalwa ngumfazi. După cum i-a replicat o femeie ghid „era culmea să se nască dintr-un bărbat”. Injalo, ngamadoda odwa akazaleli ubudoda, kungenjalo bangabadali benkcubeko, ngokomoya, ngayo nantoni na. Le ngcamango yayiza kujongwa njani kuluntu oludala? Ngommangaliso ofanayo apho izimvo ezininzi ziya kujongwa ukusukela ngoku ukuya phambili...
Umfanekiso wothixokazi wesibhakabhaka ubonakala kwimifanekiso ekroliweyo yaseYiputa, Nut, odibana nothixo womhlaba yonke imihla, ukuzala ilanga. Uthixokazi wezulu ngulo weendawo eziphakamileyo. Kodwa kwiinkcubeko ezininzi zakudala, uthixokazi ongumama wayenembopheleleko ngendalo. Iintsomi zeTestamente eNdala ziphuma kwiintsomi zakudala, kwezinye iinkcubeko (ngamanye amaxesha ixutywe). UEva wayenguthixokazi, inyoka leyo, ekhoyo nale ndima kwiinkcubeko ezininzi njengophawu lokuzalwa ngokutsha ngenxa yokunyibilika kwayo. Indalo ibonakala ngokuqhelekileyo ibhinqa. Kuthatha ijimnastiki yobukrelekrele ukubiza iziko, nokuba yinto engabonakaliyo okanye ikwimo yengqondo, care a creat lumea ca fiind „tată”.
Uthixokazi uKali kumaIndiya amandulo, njengawona mandla okudala, ngomthamo omkhulu owonakalisayo, ichaza indalo bhetele kunothixo owazi konke, unamandla onke kwaye unobubele. Igcina izikolo ezininzi zefilosofi kunye neengcaciso ezisikwe ngokulula yincakuba ye-Occam. U-Kali uchaza ngokulula ububi emhlabeni. Indalo inemithetho, indalo yenziwa ngokutsho kwabo. Ububi buvela xa ezinye iindibano ezinikezelwa yiloo mithetho zineziphumo ezitshabalalisayo kwiintlobo zobukho bezinto. Ngamanye amaxesha ucinga ngokubhangisa umthetho womxhuzulane epalamente. Xa uqhekeza into okanye xa uwa. Okanye xa kukho inyikima. Ububi bentlalontle, intsonkothe kakhulu, unezizathu ezifanayo. Umahluko kukuba baziwa kancinci. Ububi ngokwasengqondweni, intlungu, ukubandezeleka, kananjalo. Ububi buya kuba luhlobo lwamandla angalunganga (ukuswela) okanye elungileyo (ngokuqhelekileyo inkulu) care afectează homeostazia unui sistem. Ukubanda, ubushushu, kodwa kunye nemitha emifutshane ye-electromagnetic radiation, amandla aphezulu kangaka, zenzakalisa izinto eziphilayo. Ukuba sicinga ngayo, ebomini nasentlalweni izinto azahlukanga kakhulu.
Kwiintanda-bulumko zamandulo, ngokubhekisele kwiintanda-bulumko zebandla, i-demiurge inokuba nohlobo oluthile lwengqondo yokudala. Asazi ukuba yintoni ukwazi namhlanje, hayi nokuba ikhona ngenene okanye yimuvi nje i-neural download idlala kuthi ngelixa siphaphile.. Ngokutsho kwesayensi yangoku, conștiința nu există în afara unui sistem nervos, nakaninzi, yengqondo ephuhlileyo. Yiba phylogenetically ezikude izilwanyana ukwazi? Bayasebenzisana, ukusabela ixesha elide ngokungalindelekanga, nokuba azinangqondo. Cartea „În mintea unei caracatițe” de Sy Montgomery ne arată câteva comportamente incredibile ale unor ființe literalmente fără creier. Amava amadala ngezityalo abonisa ukuba nawo ayasabela. Kodwa abanayo inkqubo yemithambo-luvo, Kunzima ukubalela into efana nokuba sengqondweni kubo.
Kwakhona ngokutsho kweentanda-bulumko ezazijonge imvelaphi yobubi, umcimbi kunye nenyani, uyimvelaphi yobubi. Isazela silungile. Ukuba siyakwazi ukuzikhulula kumbandela, siyabuphepha ububi. Kodwa ke babengazi ukuba yintoni ingxaki. Ungayahlula njani into kwiimpawu zayo ezibangela ukuba ube nolwazi (kwaye ngubani owaziyo ukuba yintoni enye abakhokelela kuyo kwezinye iiplanethi), xa i-cosmic vacuum ngokwayo ineempawu ezibonakalayo? Indalo, njengoko ezinye iingcali zefiziksi zisitsho, uhlakaniphile.
Kwaye u, abantu bamandulo babenyanisile ngandlel’ ithile. Isazela (siyibiza ngantoni ngoku?) kukhutshwa ziiseli ezithile ezineempawu ezahlukileyo kwezo zezinye iiseli eziphilayo. Ezi seli, iineurons, ayenzi njalo (ngokunjalo) yahlula, kodwa banamandla kakhulu kwaye bafuna. Umzimba wesilwanyana esingenasiphiwo kakhulu se-biochemically uyazondla ukuze usincede ukuba sikhululeke kwizinto zangaphandle. Izilwanyana zibaleka ingozi okanye zifuna imithombo yezinto kunye namandla, ngokuqhelekileyo ezinye izinto eziphilayo ezinesiphiwo se-biochemically. Ukuvela kwezilwanyana ngumzabalazo wokukhululwa kwimpembelelo yendalo esingqongileyo, față de lumea materială. O inteligență superioară, njengowomntu, igcinwe kumzimba oethe-ethe, edla kancinci kwaye igcina amandla ngokulula. Umntu unengqondo enkulu kunye nobukrelekrele bokuthelekisa kuba unomzimba otya kancinci kwisidlo esinye. Aceasta e ideea pe care am prezentat-o în „Civilizația foametei / o altă abordare a umanizării” (ngokuqinisekileyo, enye ikakhulu imichiza yebhayoloji). Ukuziphatha kunye nezinye iimpawu zengqondo yomntu eziqhelekileyo ziya kuvela kulawulo lwamandla oluphezulu. U-Nietzsche uthe umlinganiselo wokubaluleka komntu ngamandla okubandezeleka.
Kwiintlobo ezininzi, kodwa ngakumbi umntu, amabhinqa akhethekileyo kunamadoda ekugcineni nasekulawuleni amandla nakwinqanaba leselula. Oku kuya kuba sesinye isizathu sokuba ziphile ixesha elide kwiintlobo ezininzi.
Ukukhutshwa kokusingqongileyo, yokuxhomekeka kumbandela nangayiphi na indlela, kubonakala ngathi sijonge ngokuqonda, kungekhona nje ngokwethuku. Ngokutsho kwezinye izifundo, INetflix yonwaba ngakumbi kunemidlalo kunye nesondo kubantu abaninzi. Ziyakuthini iimonki ezihlalise umzimba wakho ngenkululeko eziswa bubuchwephesha bale mihla?