Ngaphandle kwama-nuances efilosofi ezikole ezahlukahlukene, kusuka kuPlato, izikole ze-neoplatonic, I-Gnostic, „demiurg” vine de la un cuvânt grecesc care înseamnă „meșteșugar”, „artizan” și are legătură „a produce”, eventual „a crea”. Owokuqala ukumbona, i-demiurge izoba uhlobo lomenzi embonweni kaWilliam Paley, citat de Richard Dawkins în „Ceasornicarul orb”, incwadi esiphenduke uhlobo lwebhayibheli labantu abangakholelwa ebukhoneni bukaNkulunkulu. Kwakungenandaba ukuthi umbono womfundisi wekhulu le-19 wawuphelelwe yisikhathi futhi, nasekhulwini lama-20, lapho kubhalwa incwadi kaDawkins, bambalwa ababebazi ngaye. Umhlaba wesayensi, kodwa hhayi kuphela, wayesanda kudlula ku-relativity kanye ne-quantum mechanics, okuhlanganisa nokuphikisana kwazo okusobala, kuze kufike umbono omusha wokubahlanganisa. Esisayilindile...
Ingqikithi evamile yalokho okungaba yi-demiurge ezikoleni zefilosofi ezishiwo empeleni kungaba uhlobo oluthile lukankulunkulu. (ngisho unkulunkulu, ohlotshaniswa noZeus wamaGreki ngokusho kwabanye, ngokusho kwabanye ngoJehova weTestamente Elidala) obungabumba umhlaba ngokwezimiso zomhlaba wonke (imibono evela kumbono kaPlato). Demiurgul e un fel de verigă lipsă dintre „unul” la Platon (umsuka, okungase kuhlanganiswe noNkulunkulu wamaKrestu) nomhlaba esiwubonayo. I-demiurge iguqula amanye amandla, inclus în „unul” în lumea existentă. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi ingakanani intuition abantu basendulo ababenayo, că multe idei ale lor se verifică în știința modernă. Kodwa okuthakazelisa kakhulu ukuthi ingakanani isayensi etholakala emibonweni yasendulo. Yeka ukuthi isayensi yesimanje ingabukeka kanjani evela esikweni elihluke kakhulu kwelaseNtshonalanga?
Kodwa kungaba yini ukuwohloka kwemvelo ngokwesayensi yamanje? Păi dacă „unul” ar reprezenta mulțimea infinită a tuturor formelor potențiale de existență a naturii fizice, i-demiurge ingasho inhlanhla (noma ibhadi) zomlando lapho imithetho yemvelo, lokho kukwenza ucabange ngezwe lemibono kaPlato, babonakala beholela ekuveleni kwezinhlobo ezithile zokuphila esizaziyo. Umbuzo usamile; ukuwohloka kwemvelo okulinganiselwe emhlabeni wethu, indawo yonke eyaziwayo noma iphinde ibhekisele kulokho okwakwenzeka endaweni engaziwa? I-demiurge inesibopho mayelana nendaba emnyama futhi? Asinayo indlela yokwazi. Mhlawumbe yebo, noma kukhona ama-demiurges amaningi ...
Uma ngokusho kwesayensi yamanje, i-demiurge yinto ephikisayo, kuthiwani ngamafomula, yamakhasi efomula ngokunembe kakhudlwana, abanye, cishe iningi, încă nescrise… Okosokhemisi, i-demiurge izoba ndawana thize phakathi koguquko ukusuka kumafomula we-quantum mechanics ukuya kumakhemikhali kaLavoisier.. Futhi, ukuba khona kwezakhi kuthebula likaMendeleev kungathathwa ku-quantum mechanics, kodwa iyiphi ikhompyutha edingekayo ukwenza zonke izibalo ezidingekayo! Lapha i-demiurge ilifanele ngempela igama layo, i.e. ingcweti, umuntu owenza umsebenzi wezandla, kodwa ngenguqulo yesimanje. Kufanele asebenze uma amasekhethi akhe egxuma. Ubani ongafaka indoda emsebenzini onjalo?
Futhi okwamanje, umqondo we-demiurge wangena ezincwadini nakwifilosofi, Umuntu uyisidalwa samasiko. Umuntu wenza isiko, kuncike esikweni ukuze uphile. Umuntu udala owakhe umhlaba wenyama nokamoya. Uwuhlobo lwengcweti yomhlaba wakhe, okuyinto ngeshwa inweba kakhulu (bhubhisa) nasemhlabeni wezinye izidalwa. Ngokuphambene nalokho okwakukholelwa ngaphambili, izilwane nazo, ezimweni eziningi, uhlobo lwe-protoculture. Izilwane ezincelisayo nezinyoni zincike ekufundeni ukuze ziphile. Benza izinto abazitholile bese bezidlulisela kontanga yabo. Abanye baze bashintshe ngisho nendawo abaphila kuyo, ngokwendawo, njengama-beaver. Kodwa impilo ngokwemvelo yayo ... i-demiurgic. Kusuka kumagciwane, zonke izinto eziphilayo zishintsha imvelo nge-biochemical, okwenza ifanelekele ezinye izinto eziphilayo, hhayi labo abasondelene nabo kuphela. Ukuqala ngomkhathi, bese kuba nomhlabathi, i-biotope iwukudalwa kwezinye izinto eziphilayo ukuze kuzuze labo abaphezulu eketangeni lokudla. Izinhlobo ezingaphezulu kochungechunge lokudla, lunjani uhlobo lomuntu, au rolul cel mai redus de „terraformare” în sens de transformare a planetei pentru a fi propice vieții, ngokulingana ngqo nethalente labo lamakhemikhali ezinto eziphilayo. Asikwazi ukuhlanganisa, thina, oamenii și verii noștri, izimfene, ngisho ne-vitamin C. Sidinga amavithamini, kodwa hhayi kuphela (ama-amino acid abalulekile njll) ngoba asikwazi ukuwahlanganisa ngezakhi zethu zofuzo. Amagciwane asisize. Basinika zona, njengezitshalo. Izitshalo ziyizingcweti zangempela ze-biochemical synthesis. Ukwenza ama-polysaccharides ngegesi enezinga eliphansi emkhathini kuyinto okungekho simangaliso esingayisho...
Khona-ke, uyindoda edabukile, lapho konke angakwenza ngokuphila kuwukucekela phansi ngokuzama ukuguqula indawo akuyo ukuze ivune yena? Adică omul face „terradeformare”… Sigur că în economia vieții pe această planetă, amagciwane ngisho nezimbungulu zibaluleke kakhulu kunabantu. Awekho amagciwane noma izitshalo, ngisho ngaphandle kwezinambuzane, abantu babezonyamalala ngokushesha okukhulu, kodwa lezi zinhlobo zenza kahle ngaphandle kwethu. Noma kunjalo, indima yezilwane ezincelisayo njengabathwali bamagciwane kanye nembewu yezitshalo...
Yini engashiwo mayelana nekhwalithi ye-demiurge emasikweni, ngokuphambene ne-mediocrity exazulula isimo esivamile? Futhi ngokwalo mbono, uma sicabanga ngo-Eminescu kuphela, amadoda afuna injabulo ezintweni ezingacacile, ekudalweni, kuyilapho abesifazane bexhumene kakhulu nemvelo, okwasemhlabeni. Lo mbono uvela e-Antiquity (Ubudala obusele kithi, hhayi obhujisiwe), futhi yahlala kwaze kwaba muva nje, kuze kufike kuMarx. Umsebenzi wabesifazane wawuyinto engokwemvelo, amadoda ayexhashazwa.
Kuphela, echaza uFreud, „natura nu ține cont de exigențele (amaphupho) owesilisa”.
Eqinisweni, ngisesemagundaneni, abesifazane bakhuthele kakhulu, okubaluleke kakhulu, ngobuhlakani, funda ngokushesha. Yini eyaziwa kancane, futhi banolaka kakhulu. Noma zishisa, ayindawo futhi anodlame nabesilisa abavalelwe. Amagundane esifazane afunda i-maze noma agibele intambo ngokushesha.
Bese eya ezimfanekisweni, abesifazane yibo abadala, labo abatholayo, ikakhulukazi abesifazane abasebasha. Kwakungamanye ama-macaque wesifazane aseJapane aqala ukuwasha ubhatata bese ewasha olwandle (okusawoti). Isiko lama-yam ahlanzekile futhi anongwe adalwa abesifazane. Kumfene, abesifazane abasebasha bathola ukudoba izintuthwane, eyethula ngamahloni, ngoba bona, ngokuvamile abangabazi eqenjini, banesikhundla esiphansi se-hierarchical. Izimfene zesifazane ziyazingela.
Bese benzani abesilisa? I-Scandal, cum spune Ioana Petra în „7000 years of patriarchy”. Ngokuvamile lokho abesilisa abakwenzayo? Udlame olubhekiswe kwamanye amalungu eqembu noma amanye amaqembu, kodwa nokuzingela, ziyizenzo abaqinisa ngazo noma baguqule isikhundla sabo sokubusa eqenjini. Ngakho ngizenzela isikhundla sami, mhlawumbe ukuqinisa ubudlelwano phakathi kwabo, hhayi ukuze kuzuze iqembu. Kubukeka kujwayelekile?
Ukuguqulwa kokucabanga kokhokho kuphela okunganikeza indima yomdali endodeni. Umpristi wama-Orthodox wathi ubu-Orthodox bunobungane kwabesifazane, ukuthi uJesu wazalwa ngowesifazane. După cum i-a replicat o femeie ghid „era culmea să se nască dintr-un bărbat”. Kunjalo, amadoda kuphela angazali ubukhosi, ngaphandle kwalokho bangabadali besiko, ongokomoya, kwanoma yini. Lo mbono ubuyobhekwa kanjani emiphakathini yakudala? Ngokumangala okufanayo okungabukwa ngakho imibono eminingi kusukela manje kuqhubeke...
Isithombe sikankulunkulukazi wesibhakabhaka sivela emifanekisweni yaseGibhithe, Nut, ohlangana nonkulunkulu womhlaba nsuku zonke, ukuzala ilanga. Unkulunkulukazi wezulu ungowasekuphakameni. Kodwa emasikweni amaningi asendulo, unkulunkulukazi ongumama wayenomthwalo wemfanelo ngendalo. Izinganekwane zeTestamente Elidala zivela ezinganekwaneni ezindala, kwamanye amasiko (kwesinye isikhathi kuxutshwe). U-Eva wayengunkulunkulukazi, ogama lakhe laliyinyoka, ekhona nale ndima emasikweni amaningi njengophawu lokuphindukuzalwa ngenxa yokuncibilika kwayo. Indalo ibukeka ngokujwayelekile okowesifazane. Kudingeka ijimu yobuhlakani ukuqamba ibhizinisi, kungaba okungabonakali noma kusesimweni sokuqaphela, care a creat lumea ca fiind „tată”.
Unkulunkulukazi uKali ovela kumaNdiya asendulo, njengamandla okudala okugcina, ngekhono elikhulu lokucekela phansi, ichaza imvelo kangcono kakhulu kunonkulunkulu owazi konke, unamandla onke futhi unomusa. Ivikela izikole eziningi zefilosofi nezincazelo ezisikwa kalula yinsingo ka-Occam. UKali ubuchaza kalula ububi obusemhlabeni. Imvelo inemithetho, indalo yenziwa ngokusho kwabo. Ububi buvela lapho okunye ukusebenzisana okunikezwa yileyo mithetho kunemiphumela elimazayo ezinhlotsheni zobukhona bendaba. Kwesinye isikhathi uke ucabange ngokuchitha umthetho wamandla adonsela phansi ephalamende. Lapho uphula okuthile noma lapho uwa. Noma lapho kuba nokuzamazama komhlaba. Ububi emphakathini, eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, inezizathu ezifanayo. Umehluko wukuthi baziwa kancane. Ububi bengqondo, ubuhlungu, ukuhlupheka, futhi. Ububi bungaba uhlobo lwamandla angalungile (ukuntula) noma positive (ngokuvamile enkulu) care afectează homeostazia unui sistem. Amakhaza, ukushisa, kodwa futhi nemisebe ye-electromagnetic yamaza amafushane, amandla aphezulu kangaka, zilimaza izinto eziphilayo. Uma sicabanga ngakho, empilweni nasemphakathini izinto azihlukile kakhulu.
Okwezazi zefilosofi zasendulo, mayelana nezazi zefilosofi zebandla, i-demiurge ingaba nohlobo oluthile lokuqaphela kokudala. Asazi ukuthi kuyini ukwazi namuhla, hhayi noma ngabe ikhona ngempela noma imuvi nje ukulanda kwe-neural edlala ngathi ngenkathi siphapheme. Ngokusho kwesayensi yamanje, conștiința nu există în afara unui sistem nervos, futhi na ngaphezulu, yobuchopho obuthuthukile. Yiba nokwazi kwezilwane ezikude nge-phylogenetically? Bayahlanganyela, sabela isikhathi eside ngokungalindelekile, noma bengenabo ubuchopho. Cartea „În mintea unei caracatițe” de Sy Montgomery ne arată câteva comportamente incredibile ale unor ființe literalmente fără creier. Okuhlangenwe nakho okudala ngezitshalo kubonisa ukuthi nazo ziyasabela. Kodwa abanaso isimiso sezinzwa, kunzima ukusho into efana nokuqaphela kubo.
Futhi ngokusho kwezazi zefilosofi ezazibheka umsuka wobubi, udaba kanye neqiniso, ungumsuka wobubi. Unembeza muhle. Uma sikwazi ukuzikhulula odabeni, sigwema okubi. Kodwa-ke babengazi ukuthi kwakuyini. Ungayihlukanisa kanjani into nezinto zayo ezivusa ukwazi (futhi ngubani owaziyo ukuthi yini enye abaholela kuyo kwamanye amaplanethi), lapho i-cosmic vacuum ngokwayo inezakhiwo ezibonakalayo? Imvelo, njengoba ezinye izazi ze-physics zisho, uhlakaniphile.
Futhi okwamanje, abantu basendulo babeqinisile ngandlela-thile. Unembeza (sikubiza ngani lokhu manje?) ikhiqizwa amanye amangqamuzana anezakhiwo ezihlukile kwamanye amangqamuzana aphilayo. Lawa maseli, ama-neurons, ayikwenzi (futhi) hlukana, kodwa banomdlandla kakhulu futhi bafuna ngenkani. Isilwane esingenasiphiwo samakhemikhali ezinto eziphilayo kakhulu siyazondla ukuze sisize ukuthi sizikhulule ezintweni zangaphandle. Izilwane zibalekela ingozi noma zifuna imithombo yento namandla, ngokuvamile ezinye izinto eziphilayo ezinesiphiwo samakhemikhali ezinto eziphilayo. Ukuvela kwezilwane kungumzabalazo wokukhululwa emiphumeleni yemvelo, față de lumea materială. O inteligență superioară, njengomuntu, igcinwe emzimbeni ontekenteke, edla kancane futhi igcine amandla kalula. Umuntu unobuchopho obukhulu kanye nobuhlakani bokufanisa ngoba unomzimba odla kancane esidlweni esisodwa. Aceasta e ideea pe care am prezentat-o în „Civilizația foametei / o altă abordare a umanizării” (ngokuqinisekile, eyodwa ikakhulukazi ye-biochemical). Ukuziphatha kanye nezinye izici zomqondo womuntu ngokuvamile zingavela ekuphathweni kwamandla okuphakeme. U-Nietzsche uthe isilinganiso esithile sokubaluleka komuntu amandla okuhlupheka.
Ezinhlotsheni eziningi, kodwa ikakhulukazi elomuntu, abesifazane bakhethekile kakhulu kunabesilisa ekugcineni nokuphatha amandla kanye sezingeni lamaselula. Lokhu kungaba esinye sezizathu zokuthi kungani ziphila isikhathi eside ezilwaneni eziningi.
Ukukhululwa kwemvelo, yokuncika odabeni nganoma yimuphi umqondo, kubonakala sengathi sifuna ngokuqaphela, hhayi nje ngomzwelo wemvelo. Ngokusho kwezinye izifundo, I-Netflix ijabulisa kakhulu kunezemidlalo ngisho nocansi kubantu abaningi. Azothini ama-monks athobisa umzimba wakho ngenkululeko elethwa ubuchwepheshe besimanje?
